翻译|新西兰蜜蜂外来病虫害监测报告（2）（14.7月-15.6月）

内容接上期“新西兰蜜蜂外来病虫害监测报告（1）”

-----

三、出口蜂群

   每个出口蜜蜂的养蜂者，都必须提供样品，抽样蜂场多达他们出口蜜蜂的蜂场25%。这是项目的低风险部分。这些蜜蜂将被检测内部蜂螨和外部螨虫。目标是300个样本。

   该目标在今年被大大超过，共抽取了521个低风险蜂场的样品，这有助于该项目取得更好的效果。MPI在塔麻克的“调查诊断与应对实验室”已经致力于检测这些超过目标数的额外的样品，这些检测增加了项目整体的灵敏度。没有外来螨虫被检测到。

四、疑似外来蜂病调查

   每年MPI和艾希亚公司都会接到养蜂者的电话，报告说在蜂群中发现疑似外来蜂病或不寻常的症状。艾希亚公司和MPI“监测和入侵调查（动物和海洋）团队”合作，在华莱士威尔对这些电话进行筛查甄别，并确定是否采取合理的抽样行动。经过筛查对其中8个电话采取了进一步抽样：2个电话疑似欧幼病，1个疑似外部蜂螨，3个是关于蜜蜂不明原因的死亡，2个疑似蜂巢小甲虫。另外2个调查是关于进口蜂蜡粉底和进口的印尼蜂蜜。其他一些电话在接到之后没有采取进一步的调查，因为观察到的症状都可以用地方性的蜜蜂疾病解释。

   对上述10种情况进行了调查，所有的检测都没有发现外来病虫害。（表1）

表1:调查的蜂场数量和抽取的样品2014–2015

检测项目	例行抽样 （蜂场数）	可疑样品数	结论	MPI对例行抽样的样品要求
蜜蜂内部寄生螨	339	0	全部未检出	350
外部寄生螨	339	1	全部未检出	350
欧幼病	339	2	全部未检出	350次检查， 对任何可疑幼虫的样品，得出的实验室结论。
蜂巢小甲虫	339	3	全部未检出	350次检查，对任何可疑 小甲虫及幼虫的样品，得出的实验室结论。
外来蜜蜂物种	339	0	–	350次检查，对任何可疑 蜜蜂的样品，得出的实验室结论。

五、结论

       所有被检查和抽样的蜂群都没有检测出上述外来病虫害。

六、报告

   每年，艾希亚公司代表MPI,在《监测》和《新西兰养蜂者》杂志上发表外来病虫害监测情况的报告。这些报告满足了国际上对于新西兰蜜蜂健康状况的需求，同时也告知了新西兰养蜂者监测的情况。（待续）

以下为原文：

Export apiaries

Each beekeeper who supplied bees for export had to provide a sample of bees from up to 25 of their supply apiaries.

This was the low-risk component of the programme. The bees were tested for external and internal mites, with a target of 300 samples.

The target was well exceeded this year, with samples from 521 low-risk apiaries contributing to the programme. The MPI Investigation Diagnostic and Response lab at Tamaki has committed to testing all additional samples above the target numbers, which increases the overall sensitivity of the programme. No exotic mites were detected.

Investigation of suspected exotic honey bee diseases

Each year MPI and AsureQuality Ltd receive calls from beekeepers reporting suspected exotic bee diseases or unusual symptoms in hives. AsureQuality workswith MPI’s Surveillance and Incursion Investigation (Animals and Marine) team at Wallaceville to screen these calls and determine whether sampling is justified. Eight calls were received that resulted in further sampling. Two of the calls were regarding suspect European foulbrood, one was about a suspect external mite, three were related to unexplained bee deaths and two were for suspect small hive beetle. Two other investigations were for imported wax foundation and imported Indonesian honey. A number of additional calls were received but

not further investigated after it was determined that the observed symptoms could be explained by endemic bee diseases.

All tests were negative for exotic pests and diseases in the 10 cases investigated (Table 1).

Table 1: Number of apiaries surveyed and samples taken in 2014–2015

Samples tested	Routine samples	Suspect samples	Results	MPI specification for
	(apiaries)			routine samples
Internal parasites	339	0	All negative	350
External parasites	339	1	All negative	350
European foulbrood	339	2	All negative	350 inspections, with
				any suspect larvae
				sampled for laboratory
				diagnosis
Small hive beetle	339	3	All negative	350 inspections, with
				any suspect beetle
				or larvae sampled for
				laboratory diagnosis
Exotic bee species	339	0	–	350 inspections, with
				any suspect bees

Results

All hives inspected and sampled for the listed exotic pests and bee diseases tested negative.

Reports

Each year, AsureQuality Ltd, on behalf of MPI, reports on exotic surveillance activities in Surveillance and The New Zealand Beekeeper magazine. Thesereports are used to meet international reporting requirements with regard to New Zealand’s bee health status, and for keeping NZ beekeepers informed about surveillance activities.